York

York is a city known for its rich history and well-preserved architecture. Its origins date back to Roman times, and over the centuries, it has been shaped by Viking invasions, medieval developments and industrial growth. Today, York offers a mix of historical landmarks, cultural experiences and modern amenities, making it a popular destination for visitors.

York was founded by the Romans in 71 AD as Eboracum, serving as a key military and administrative centre. The city became an important hub in Roman Britain, with substantial walls and public buildings. After the Roman withdrawal, the city saw periods of decline and resurgence. During the 9th century, it was captured by Viking forces and renamed Jorvik. The Vikings established it as a major trading centre, and their influence remains a significant part of York’s identity.

In the medieval period, York grew as a religious and political centre. The construction of York Minster, one of the largest Gothic cathedrals in Northern Europe, began in the 13th century and took over 250 years to complete. The city also became known for its medieval walls, timber-framed buildings and narrow streets, such as The Shambles, which retain much of their original character. By the 19th century, York developed as a key railway hub, contributing to its economic growth.

York Minster is a highlight, with its impressive stained glass windows and detailed stonework. Climbing the central tower provides views over the city and surrounding countryside. The city walls offer a circular walk, giving perspectives on York’s layout and historical defences. The Shambles, with its overhanging buildings and independent shops, is a popular area to explore.

The River Ouse runs through the city, offering opportunities for boat trips and riverside walks. The York Castle Museum provides exhibits on everyday life in historical York, while Clifford’s Tower offers panoramic views and insights into the city’s medieval past. The Treasurer’s House, a National Trust property, displays period furnishings and Roman artefacts found beneath the building.

For those interested in railways, the National Railway Museum houses a collection of locomotives, carriages and railway memorabilia. The museum is free to enter and includes famous engines such as the Mallard. The Jorvik Viking Centre features reconstructed Viking streets and artefacts, offering an interactive experience.

Sights and activities in York